Self-Contained, Buoyant, and Water-Tight Wireless Flood Detector

ABSTRACT

A floatable flood detector has a watertight housing which carries internally a wireless transmitter and a fluid sensor. In the presence of sensed fluid, an alarm message can be transmitted by the transmitter to a displaced monitoring unit. The sensor has a portion exposed to the fluid of interest, outside of the housing. The antenna is carried, at least at a fluid level, relative to the floating housing.

FIELD

The application pertains to fluid detectors to provide indicators of flooding in regions of interest. More particularly, the application pertains to such detectors which are self-contained, and can wirelessly communicate with systems monitoring various conditions in a region of interest.

BACKGROUND

Systems are known to monitor regions of interest for the presence of various predetermined conditions. These include intrusion, glass breakage, smoke, fire, humidity, temperature all without limitation. At times, it is desirable to monitor a region for the presence of fluids, for example flood water.

Known types of flood detectors have one or two part designs. The one part designs are not buoyant and are designed to be submersible should the flood water rise higher than the sensor. As a result, such products are usually not wireless since the wireless performance would be quite poor when submerged.

An exemplary two part product which exists in the wireless market place includes a probe and a separate transmitter, with a wire between the probe and the transmitter. Installation of this type of product involves attaching the probe with screws in the area to be monitored. Then the transmitter is mounted a distance away from the probe, and a wire is routed between the probe and transmitter. The transmitter is mounted away from the probe to protect it from the water and ensure that the probe does not become submerged, rendering it inoperable.

The above process is time consuming. It may take as much time as an installer may have for installation of an entire monitoring system. Further, this type of product is not something that can be mailed to a home owner for self-installation.

It would be desirable to have available a wireless flood detector which can be easily installed without a need for special installation skills or instructions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a flood detector in accordance herewith;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the detector of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an over-all view of the detector of FIG. 1 with the cover removed;

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a detector as in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3; and

FIG. 5 illustrates the detector hereof floating in a fluid.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While disclosed embodiments can take many different forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown in the drawings and will be described herein in detail with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles thereof as well as the best mode of practicing same, and is not intended to limit the application or claims to the specific embodiment illustrated.

In a disclosed embodiment, a wireless flood detector is configured with a single housing. The fluid, or, flood, probes, or electrodes, are molded into the housing, on the top, or the bottom, or both. The detector is buoyant so as to keep the electronics (radio, antenna, etc.) above water and operational. Installation is as easy as placing it in the area to monitor for flooding. Advantageously, in the disclosed detector the sensor, radio, and flood probes are mounted in a single, watertight, buoyant housing.

The housing is preferably made of a buoyant material, for example, plastic with an air pocket (or foam.) Molded into this housing are two fluid sensing electrodes on one or both sides that could contact the area to be monitored.

The preferred embodiment has a puck-like shape. Two electrodes can be located on the top of the puck and two electrodes can be located on the bottom of the puck. It will be understood that other housing shapes come within the spirit and scope hereof. For example, a spherical housing could be used.

Inside the puck resides control circuits and a wireless transmitter. In one embodiment, a Honeywell model 5816 transmitter could be used. The control circuits can be connected to the electrodes. An antenna, coupled to the transmitter, is mounted in the center of the puck such that it will be above water regardless of the orientation of the puck relative to the fluid, such as water.

When the electrodes on either side of the puck are submerged in water, the presence of the water can be detected. A message can be wirelessly transmitted to a displaced control panel.

To install such detectors, an installer would first enroll the flood puck's serial number into the control panel by either submerging the detector in water or by shorting the two electrodes with a wire or screwdriver. Once enrolled, the installer would identify an area for flood monitoring, and place the flood puck in that area. When there is a flood, the electrodes will be submerged in the water and send an alarm indicating signal to the control panel. Should the water rise, the flood puck will float on the water, keeping the electronics dry and the antenna above the water, ensuring continued operation.

The figures illustrate various aspects of embodiments hereof. A fluid detector 10 includes a cylindrical puck-shaped housing 12 having an upper surface 12 a, a closed bounding sidewall 12 b and a lower surface 12 c. Housing 12 is closed and watertight.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 housing 12 includes a removable cover 16 a and a base portion 16 b which defines an interior region 16 c. When the cover 16 a is removably attached to the base 16 b, for example by threads or a snap fit, a closed dry interior region is formed which includes the interior region 16 c. It will be understood that other shapes of housing could be used, as well as other structures to attach cover 16 a to base 16 b without departing from the spirit and scope hereof.

The housing 12 can carry an electronics package 20 which includes a printed circuit board 22 a. The board 22 a supports a replaceable battery 22 b which provides electrical energy for control circuits 22 c, sensor interface circuits 22 d and a transmitter, or transceiver 22 e, best seen in FIG. 4.

Electrodes or sensors 24 a, b can be carried on a surface 12 c, outside of the housing 12 for exposure to local fluids F, as illustrated in FIG. 2. The electrodes 24 a,b could be molded into the lower portion 16 b of the housing 12 and connected to the sensor interface circuitry 22 d in the region 16 c via sealed, fluid excluding, ports in the surface 12 c and conductors 24-1, -2.

A second set of electrodes 24 c, d can be formed in an upper surface 12 a of the housing 12, also coupled to the sensor circuits 22 d by conductors 24-3, -4. Those of skill will understand that neither the exact type of fluid sensors used nor the structure of the conductors to the interface circuits 22 d represent limitations hereof.

First and second antenna sections 26 a, b are carried on/by the printed circuit board 22 a and are coupled to transceiver 22 e. Antennas 26 a,b are configured such that one of them is always above a fluid level surface F1 when the detector 10 is floating in the fluid F to facilitate wireless communications with a displaced monitoring control unit, or panel 30.

FIG. 5 illustrates the detector 10 floating in a fluid F. Advantageously when both surfaces 12 a and 12 c carry fluid sensors, such as 24 a . . . c the orientation of the detector 10 in the fluid F is irrelevant, given the above noted antenna configuration. Hence, the installer merely needs to place the detector 10 into the region where the fluid might collect without being concerned as to its orientation.

In summary, a flood detector includes a floatable self-contained housing which carries external fluid sensors. Control circuitry, coupled to the sensors, and a transmitter can be carried in the housing. The detector can communicate wirelessly with a displaced monitoring system control unit, or panel.

An antenna is carried in the housing, coupled to the transmitter. When the housing floats in the fluid, a portion of the housing is below the upper surface of the fluid, and a portion is above that upper surface. The housing is configured such that the antenna is above the upper surface of the fluid to improve wireless communications with the displaced control panel while the detector is floating in the fluid.

Further it will be understood that the type of fluid being sensed is not a limitation hereof. The relative location of the antenna to the surface of the fluid is preferably at the top of the fluid to minimize RF attenuation. Finally, the housing needs only to be fluid resistant long enough to send a transmission indicating that fluid has been sensed.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope hereof. It is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the specific apparatus illustrated herein is intended or should be inferred. It is, of course, intended to cover by the appended claims all such modifications as fall within the scope of the claims. Further, logic flows depicted in the figures do not require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Other steps may be provided, or steps may be eliminated, from the described flows, and other components may be add to, or removed from the described embodiments. 

1. A detector comprising: a floatable, self-contained housing which carries external fluid sensors, and circuitry carried internally for communicating wirelessly with a displaced monitoring unit.
 2. A detector as in claim 1 which includes an internal antenna, coupled to the circuitry, and configured to be displaced from a fluid being sensed.
 3. A detector as in claim 1 wherein when the housing floats in an external fluid, part of the housing on one side of a housing fluid level is immersed in the fluid and a different part of the housing extends from the fluid.
 4. A detector as in claim 1 where the housing has a sealed continuously extending external periphery.
 5. A detector as in claim 1 where the housing has a base and a removable top which engages the base with a water resistant seal.
 6. A detector as in claim 1 which includes control circuits carried in the housing, coupled to the sensors and the antenna, the circuits respond to signals from the sensors, and via the antenna communicate an alarm indicating signal.
 7. A detector as in claim 1 where the sensors are located on either, one side of the housing or on two spaced apart sides of the housing.
 8. A detector as in claim 1 where the housing comprises a plastic material.
 9. A detector as in claim 1 which includes a replaceable battery in the housing which energizes at least the circuitry.
 10. A floatable flood detector comprising: a floatable water resistant housing which carries internally a wireless transmitter; and at least one fluid sensor; in the presence of sensed fluid, an alarm message can be transmitted by the transmitter to a displaced monitoring unit.
 11. A flood detector as in claim 10, wherein the sensor has a portion exposed to the fluid of interest, outside of the housing, and the antenna is carried, at least in part, at a fluid surface level, relative to the floating housing.
 12. A flood detector as in claim 10, with an antenna coupled to the transmitter wherein the antenna extends at the top of the fluid when the housing is floating in the fluid, to minimize RF attenuation.
 13. A flood detector as in claim 12 where the antenna is configured to extend from the surface of the fluid when the housing is floating with a first orientation.
 14. A flood detector as in claim 13 where the antenna is configured to extend from the surface of the fluid when the housing is floating with either a first orientation, or a second orientation.
 15. A method comprising: identifying a location to be monitored for presence of a fluid; placing a self-contained, floatable fluid detector at the location, and in the presence of fluid at location, floating the detector simultaneously with sensing the presence of the fluid at the detector; generating signals, in the detector, in response to sensed fluid; processing the signals; and responsive thereto, transmitting a selected message wirelessly to a displaced location.
 16. A method as in claim 15 which includes providing a monitoring system control unit, displaced from the detector, and receiving the message thereat.
 17. A method as in claim 16 which includes establishing at the monitoring system control unit if the message indicates a sensed flood condition.
 18. A method as in claim 15 which includes transmitting at least one of a plurality of messages, at least one of which is indicative of a flood condition.
 19. A method as in claim 18 where at least one of the messages provides detector status information.
 20. A method as in claim 15 including providing at least one antenna in the detector, the antenna extending from an upper surface of the fluid in which the detector is floating. 